Izindaba

Iswishi kazibuthe iyisisetshenziswa sikagesi esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi esisebenza ngokusabela kumagnetic field. Ukusuka ku-Hall Effect kuya ekushintsheni komhlanga, hlola imisebenzi yabo, izinhlobo, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene.

Iyini I-Switch Magnetic?

Ukushintsha kazibuthe iyisisetshenziswa sikagesi esisebenza ngokusabela ebukhoneni bendawo kazibuthe. Isebenza ngokuvala noma ngokuvula abathintwayo bayo ngokusekelwe kumandla kazibuthe. Ngokucacile, iswishi ihlala ivaliwe (ivuliwe) lapho ichayeke endaweni enamandla kazibuthe futhi ivula (ivaliwe) uma inkambu isikhishiwe.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Magnetic Switch?

Iswishi kazibuthe isebenza ngokusebenzisana kwezingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile: i-actuator kazibuthe kanye neswishi yomhlanga. I-actuator kazibuthe iwuzibuthe omncane ovalelwe endaweni evalekile, kuyilapho iswishi yomhlanga iqukethe ishubhu lengilazi eliqukethe izinto ezimbili ezithinta insimbi. Lapho i-actuator kazibuthe isondela eduze kweswishi yomhlanga, inkambu yaso kazibuthe ithonya abathintwayo bensimbi, ibenze baxhumane futhi bavale isekethe noma bahlukanise futhi bayivule.

Umgomo oyisisekelo uhilela ukuvusa nokuphelelwa amandla kwekhoyili kazibuthe. Uma ugesi ugeleza kukhoyili, ukhiqiza indawo kazibuthe eheha omazibuthe abaseduze noma izakhi zensimbi. Uma yamanje ima, inkambu kazibuthe iyawa, ikhiphe amandla agciniwe. Le nqubo ifana nokwelula nokukhulula ibhande lenjoloba, lapho amandla ekhishwa ngokushesha.

Amaswishi kazibuthe aguquguquka kakhulu futhi amelana nezinto zemvelo ezifana namanzi, uwoyela, iqhwa, uthuli, nokunye. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zifaka ukushintshwa kwe-electromechanical, izinzwa zeHholo, nokushintshwa komhlanga. Ukuqina kwazo kanye nokuguquguquka kwazo kuzenza zifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene kuzo zombili izilungiselelo zezimboni nezasekhaya.

Izinhlobo Zokushintsha kazibuthe

Amaswishi kazibuthe afika ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile nezimiso zokusebenza. Ngezansi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokushintshwa kazibuthe:

Ukushintsha Kwe-Hall Effect

Ukushintsha kwe-Hall Effect kungamadivayisi e-semiconductor asebenza ngaphandle kokuthintwa komshini, okuwenza aqine kakhulu futhi amelane nokuguga noma ukushaqeka. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukusetshenziswa njengokushintsha okulinganiselwe ezinhlelweni ezifana namasistimu okuphakamisa, okokusebenza kwefekthri ezishintshayo, nezimoto.

Ukushintsha kwe-Hall Effect kunikeza ukuguquguquka ekwakhiweni ngezinketho ezifana ne-Unipolar (ithola isigxobo esisodwa sikazibuthe) noma i-Omnipolar (ithola kokubili izigxobo ezisenyakatho nezaseNingizimu). Ukuzwela kwazo kazibuthe kuncike kumandla kagesi asetshenziswayo kanye nohlobo lwensimu kazibuthe ekhiqizwayo, okuzivumela ukuthi zifanelane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.

Ukushintsha koMhlanga

Amaswishi omhlanga azwela kakhulu kukazibuthe futhi aziwa ngokungabizi kwawo kanye nokuvumelana nezimo. Lezi zinguquko zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokushintsha eziseduze noma ezikhawulelwe, okuhlanganisa omakhalekhukhwini, izicabha zezinto zasendlini, ama-alamu okuvikela, imishini esindayo, nezicabha zemoto.

Ukushintsha komhlanga kungenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nosayizi womhlanga, izimo zemvelo, namandla okusebenza kazibuthe. Ukusebenza kwazo kukalwa ngokwamandla e-magneto motitive force (AT – Ampere-Turns), okuwenza aguquguquke ngokwezidingo ezahlukene zokusebenza.

Ukushintsha kwe-Triac noma kwe-Transistor

Amaswishi e-Triac ne-Transistor ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokujikeleza kwawo okwengeziwe. Ngokuyinhloko zisetshenziselwa ukulawula amandla nokushintsha izinhlelo zokusebenza kumasistimu kagesi e-AC (Triac) noma e-DC (Transistor). Lezi zinguquko ziqinile futhi zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje noma ezisindayo, ezinjengokulawula amamotho, ama-relay, noma imithwalo ye-inductive.

Amandla azo okuthwala njengamanje angathuthukiswa ngokuwahlanganisa namaswishi e-Hall Effect noma e-Reed, okuwenza alungele izindawo zezimboni ezifunayo lapho ukwethembeka namandla kubaluleke kakhulu.

Asetshenziswa kuphi amaswishi kazibuthe?

Amaswishi kazibuthezisetshenziswa kabanzi kuzo zonke izimboni nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, ukuthembeka, kanye nekhono lokusebenza ngaphandle kokuthintana ngokomzimba. Ngezansi ezinye zezindawo eziyinhloko lapho kusetshenziswa khona ukushintshwa kazibuthe:

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza Zezimoto: Isetshenziswa ekushintsheni kokukhanya kwamabhuleki, izinzwa zezicabha, ukubona indawo yegiya, inzwa yokuma kwe-throttle, nokuqapha isivinini samasondo.
• I-Industrial Automation: Iqashelwe ukulawula ibhande lokuthutha, inzwa yesimo somnyango nesango, ukuqapha imishini, ulayini wokukhiqiza ozishintshayo, kanye nokutholwa kwendawo yamavalvu.
• I-Consumer Electronics: Itholakala kumakhompyutha aphathekayo nama-smartphones ukuze kutholwe isivalo nekhava, izici zokonga amandla, ukuma kwekhamera yekhamera, nokuzwa ukusondela kwezinsiza ezihlakaniphile.
• Amasistimu Okuphepha: Asetshenziswa kuma-alamu ukuthola ukuvulwa noma ukuvalwa kweminyango namafasitela.
• Izisetshenziswa Zezokwelapha: Zisetshenziswa kumakhava edivayisi yezokwelapha, emishinini yokuqapha isiguli, amasistimu okuphepha emishini ye-MRI, kanye nokutholwa kwamathuluzi okuhlinza.
• Amandla Avuselelekayo: Asetshenziswa kuma-turbine omoya namaphaneli elanga ukuze kuqashwe ukusebenza kwawo kanye nokwenza kahle.
• Ezokuxhumana: Kuhlanganiswe kumadivayisi okusebenza kwesikrini okuzenzakalelayo, ukutholwa kwezisetshenziswa, nezici zokonga amandla.
• Imishini Yasekhaya: Itholakala emishinini yokuwasha naseziqandisini zokulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi nezindlela zeminyango.
• Imishini Enzima: Isetshenziselwa ukuzwa isikhundla nokulawula kumishini yezimboni.
• Indawo Ekhethekile: Ifanele izindawo eziyingozi noma ezingaphandle ngenxa yokumelana nothuli, umswakama, uwoyela, namazinga okushisa aphezulu.