Izindaba

Iswishi yamagnetic iyithuluzi likagesi eliguquguqukayo elisebenza ngokuphendula amasimu amagnetic. Kusukela ku-Hall Effect kuya ku-reed switches, hlola imisebenzi yazo, izinhlobo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.

Iyini i-Magnetic Switch?

Iswishi yamagnetic iyithuluzi likagesi elisebenza ngokuphendula ebukhoneni bensimu yamagnetic. Lisebenza ngokuvala noma ukuvula oxhumana nabo ngokusekelwe emandleni ensimu yamagnetic. Ngokukhethekile, iswishi ihlala ivaliwe (ivuliwe) uma ivezwa ensimini yamagnetic enamandla futhi ivuleka (ivaliwe) uma insimu isisusiwe.

Isebenza Kanjani I-Magnetic Switch?

Iswishi yamagnetic isebenza ngokusebenzisana kwezingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile: i-magnetic actuator kanye neswishi yomhlanga. I-magnetic actuator iyi-magnet encane efakwe endaweni evikelekile, kuyilapho iswishi yomhlanga ineshubhu yengilazi equkethe ukuxhumana okubili kwensimbi. Lapho i-magnetic actuator isondela kuswishi yomhlanga, insimu yayo yamagnetic ithonya ukuxhumana kwensimbi, okubangela ukuthi baxhumane futhi bavale isekethe noma bayihlukanise futhi bayivule.

Isimiso esiyisisekelo sihilela ukuvusa nokunciphisa amandla ekhoyili kagesi. Lapho ugesi ugeleza ngekhoyili, ukhiqiza insimu yamagnetic edonsela omantshi abaseduze noma izakhi zensimbi. Uma ugesi uphela, insimu yamagnetic iyawa, ikhulule amandla agciniwe. Le nqubo ifana nokwelula nokukhulula ibhande lerabha, lapho amandla ekhishwa khona ngokushesha.

Izinkinobho ezisebenza ngogesi ziguquguquka kakhulu futhi zimelana nezici zemvelo ezifana namanzi, uwoyela, iqhwa, uthuli, nokuningi. Izibonelo ezivamile zifaka phakathi izinkinobho ze-electromechanical, izinzwa ze-Hall, kanye nezinkinobho zomhlanga. Ukuqina kwazo kanye nokuguquguquka kwazo kuzenza zifanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kokubili ezindaweni zezimboni kanye nezasekhaya.

Izinhlobo Zokushintsha Kwamagnetic

Izinkinobho ze-magnetic ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye yenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kanye nemigomo yokusebenza. Nazi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezinkinobho ze-magnetic:

Amaswishi Omphumela We-Hall

Amaswishi e-Hall Effect angamadivayisi e-semiconductor asebenza ngaphandle kokuthintana ngomshini, okwenza aqine kakhulu futhi amelane nokuguguleka noma ukushaqeka ngomshini. Lawa maswishi avame ukusetshenziswa njengamaswishi omkhawulo ezinhlotsheni ezifana nezinhlelo ze-elevator, imishini yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela yasefektri, kanye nezimoto.

Amaswishi e-Hall Effect anikeza ukuguquguquka ekwakhiweni ngezinketho ezifana ne-Unipolar (ukuthola i-pole eyodwa kamagnetic) noma i-Omnipolar (ukuthola i-pole yaseNyakatho neyaseNingizimu). Ukuzwela kwawo kamagnetic kuncike kugesi kagesi osetshenziswayo kanye nohlobo lwensimu kamagnetic ekhiqizwayo, okuvumela ukuthi ilungiselelwe izidingo ezahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.

Amaswishi Omhlanga

Izinkinobho zomhlanga zizwela kakhulu kuma-magnetic field futhi zaziwa ngokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Lezi zinkinobho zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zokushintsha eziseduze noma ezilinganiselwe, okuhlanganisa omakhalekhukhwini, iminyango yemishini yasekhaya, ama-alamu okuphepha, imishini esindayo, kanye neminyango yezimoto.

Amaswishi e-Reed angenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nosayizi we-reed, izimo zemvelo, kanye namandla ensimu yamagnetic esetshenziswayo. Ukusebenza kwawo kulinganiswa ngokwamandla e-magneto motivation (AT - Ampere-Turns), okwenza kube lula ukuhambisana nezidingo ezahlukene zokusebenza.

Izinguquko ze-Triac noma ze-Transistor

Izishintshi ze-Triac kanye ne-Transistor ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokujikeleza kwazo okwengeziwe. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekulawuleni amandla kanye nezinhlelo zokushintsha kuzinhlelo zamandla kagesi ze-AC (Triac) noma ze-DC (Transistor). Lezi zishintshi ziqinile futhi zifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza zamandla aphezulu noma ezisindayo, njengezinjini zokulawula, ama-relay, noma imithwalo yokungenisa.

Umthamo wazo wokuthwala ugesi ungathuthukiswa ngokuzihlanganisa nezinkinobho zeHall Effect noma zeReed, okuzenza zilungele izindawo zezimboni ezidinga kakhulu lapho ukuthembeka namandla kubalulekile khona.

Kusetshenziswa kuphi amaswishi kazibuthe?

Izinkinobho zikagesizisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, ukuthembeka, kanye nekhono lokusebenza ngaphandle kokuthintana ngokomzimba. Ngezansi kunezinye zezindawo eziyinhloko lapho kusetshenziswa khona izinkinobho zikagesi:

• Izicelo Zezimoto: Zisetshenziswa ekushintsheni izibani zamabhuleki, ezinzwa zeminyango, ekutholeni indawo yegiya, ekuboneni indawo ye-throttle, kanye nokuqapha isivinini samasondo.
• Ukuzenzakalela Kwezimboni: Kusetshenziswa ukulawula ibhande lokuhambisa, ukuzwa isimo somnyango nesango, ukuqapha imishini, ukuzenzakalela komugqa wokukhiqiza, kanye nokuthola isikhundla se-valve.
• Ama-Consumer Electronics: Atholakala kuma-laptops nakuma-smartphone ukuze kutholakale isivalo nesembozo, izici zokonga amandla, ukubeka ilensi yekhamera, kanye nokuzwa ukusondela kwezesekeli ezihlakaniphile.
• Izinhlelo Zokuphepha: Zisetshenziswa kuma-alamu ukuthola ukuvulwa noma ukuvalwa kweminyango namafasitela.
• Imishini Yezokwelapha: Isetshenziswa ezimbozweni zedivayisi yezokwelapha, kumadivayisi okuqapha isiguli, ezinhlelweni zokuphepha komshini we-MRI, kanye nokutholwa kwamathuluzi okuhlinzwa.
• Amandla Avuselelekayo: Asetshenziswa kuma-turbine omoya kanye namaphaneli elanga ukuze kuqashwe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza.
• Ukuxhumana: Kuhlanganiswe kumadivayisi ukuze kusebenze isikrini ngokuzenzakalela, kutholakale izesekeli, kanye nezici zokonga amandla.
• Izinto Zikagesi Zasekhaya: Zitholakala emishinini yokuwasha naseziqandisini zokulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nemishini yomnyango.
• Imishini Enzima: Isetshenziselwa ukuzwa nokulawula isikhundla emishinini yezimboni.
• Izindawo Ezikhethekile: Zifanelekela izindawo eziyingozi noma zangaphandle ngenxa yokumelana nothuli, umswakama, uwoyela, kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu.